Educational information only — not medical advice. Always follow your surgeon's specific instructions.
Free · No account · Evidence-based

You know the surgery date.
You don't know what happens next.

Patients who complete pre-surgical education have 23% shorter hospital stays and 40% fewer post-op complications. JointClass is the 20-minute class your surgeon didn't have time to give you — knee, hip, and shoulder, from pre-hab through full recovery.

Choose your joint

Research shows patients who complete pre-surgical education have 23% shorter hospital stays and 40% fewer post-op complications. This class takes 20 minutes.

Course overview

What this class covers

Four modules, each focused on a specific moment in your surgical journey. Read them in order or jump to what you need most right now.

Module 1
Before surgery: get ready
Which medications to stop and when. How to set up your home. Pre-hab exercises that shorten recovery. What to bring to the hospital.
Module 2
Day of surgery: what happens in the hospital
The sequence of events from check-in to discharge. How pain is managed. Why your PT walks you the same day. What "same-day discharge" actually means.
Module 3
Weeks 1–6: the recovery window
Normal swelling vs. warning signs. When you'll drive again. What your PT visits accomplish. Why 8 in 10 patients who stop their exercises by week 4 recover slower — and how to be the other 2.
Module 4
Long-term: what "fully recovered" means
How long swelling actually lasts (it's longer than you think). When to call vs. when to wait. What activities are safe at 3 months, 6 months, one year.
Your condition

Choose your joint

Select your procedure to see what the surgery involves, realistic recovery milestones week by week, and what most patients experience.

Knee replacement

Total (TKA) and partial (UKA) knee arthroplasty. The most common joint replacement in the US — most patients go home same day.

  • Day 1 Walk with PT before discharge; pain managed with nerve block + oral medication
  • Week 1–2 Ice, elevation, early bend/straighten exercises 3–4 times daily
  • Week 4–6 Drive again (left knee or automatic trans: 2 wks; right knee: 4–6 wks)
  • Month 3 Most daily activities normal; stairs with single-step pattern
  • Month 6 Full functional recovery for most patients; swelling continues to decrease
Start knee class

Hip replacement

Total hip arthroplasty (THA). Posterior and anterior approaches differ in precautions — your surgeon will tell you which applies to you.

  • Day 1 Walk to bathroom with PT; many patients go home in 24 hours
  • Week 1–3 Hip precautions (no bending past 90°, no crossing legs) if posterior approach
  • Week 3–4 Most patients walk without assistive device; driving typically cleared
  • Month 3 Return to most activities including golf, hiking, swimming
  • Month 4–6 Full recovery; hip typically feels more natural than knee at this stage
Start hip class

Shoulder surgery

Rotator cuff repair, total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA), and reverse shoulder replacement. Sling protocols vary by procedure.

  • Week 0–6 Sling protection; passive motion only directed by PT
  • Week 6–12 Active-assisted motion; sling off for most TSA/reverse patients
  • Month 3 Strengthening begins; cuff repair patients may take longer
  • Month 4–6 Return to overhead activities for most arthroplasty patients
  • Month 9–12 Full cuff repair recovery; strength continues improving through year one
Start shoulder class

Three phases, explained honestly

No surprises. Here is what each stage actually involves.

Phase 1 — Before surgery

Prepare your body and home

  • Pre-hab exercises strengthen the muscles around the joint before surgery — research shows this shortens recovery time
  • Stop certain medications 7–10 days before (blood thinners, NSAIDs, some supplements — your surgeon specifies which)
  • Home setup: grab bars, raised toilet seat, clear path from bed to bathroom, shower chair if needed
  • Arrange a driver and someone to stay with you the first 24–48 hours after discharge
  • Nothing to eat or drink after midnight the night before (follow anesthesia instructions exactly)
  • Loose, comfortable clothing that fits over the surgical site; slip-on shoes
Phase 2 — Day of surgery

What happens in the hospital

  • Most joint replacements take 1–2 hours in the operating room; most patients go home same day or next morning
  • Physical therapy typically starts the same day — you will walk before you leave the hospital
  • Pain is managed with a multimodal protocol (nerve block, oral medication, ice) — severe pain is not expected
  • Ice and elevation start immediately; continue around the clock for the first 48–72 hours
  • Before discharge, your PT shows you exactly which exercises to do at home and reviews weight-bearing instructions
  • You will likely leave on a walker or cane — this is expected, not a setback
Phase 3 — Recovery at home

The weeks that matter most

  • Week 1–2: rest, ice every 2–3 hours, elevation above heart level, and short walks multiple times daily
  • Week 3–6: outpatient PT twice per week; range of motion typically improves fastest in this window
  • Week 6–12: most patients return to daily activities and driving; formal PT may taper off
  • Swelling can persist 3–6 months — this is normal and does not mean something is wrong
  • Full recovery — the feeling of "this is just my new normal" — is typically 3–6 months for hip and knee, longer for shoulder
  • The exercises your PT gives you are the most important part of recovery; doing them consistently matters more than anything else
Common questions

Questions most patients ask first

Honest answers based on what typically happens — not what the worst-case scenario looks like.

Will I need a walker or cane?

Most patients go home with a walker after knee or hip replacement. Typically you transition to a cane by week 2–3, and most patients are walking without either by week 4–6. Shoulder patients are not affected in the legs at all.

When can I drive again?

For a right knee replacement: typically 4–6 weeks (you must be off narcotic pain medication and able to do emergency braking). Left knee or hip: often 2–3 weeks if you drive an automatic. Your surgeon clears you at your follow-up visit.

How much pain should I expect?

Pain peaks on day 2–3, then improves steadily. Most patients describe it as manageable — not the severe arthritic pain they lived with before. Modern nerve blocks and multimodal pain protocols have changed the experience significantly over the past decade.

Will I need someone at home with me?

For the first 24–48 hours, yes. After that, most patients are safely independent with appropriate home setup (grab bars, clear pathways). Many patients live alone and do fine after the first day or two.

When can I shower?

Most surgeons allow showering 48–72 hours after surgery once the surgical dressing is changed. No submerging the incision (bath, pool, hot tub) until the wound is fully healed — typically 4–6 weeks. Your surgeon gives specific instructions at discharge.

How do I know if something is wrong?

Call your surgeon's office for: fever above 101.5°F, increasing redness or drainage at the incision, sudden calf swelling or pain (possible DVT), or pain that gets significantly worse after initially improving. When in doubt, call — that is what the on-call line is for.

Will the replacement feel normal?

Most patients say their hip replacement feels very natural within a few months. Knee replacements often feel more artificial at first — some patients notice a slight clicking or awareness of the hardware. Most adapt within 3–6 months. Shoulder replacement outcomes depend heavily on the type of procedure and rotator cuff health.

What is the most important thing I can do for recovery?

Do your exercises. Every day. Even when you are tired. The patients who recover fastest are the ones who do the PT work consistently. The hardware does not heal itself — the surrounding muscles do, and they need the stimulus.

What the research says

What actually reduces complications after joint surgery

Three categories of intervention have the strongest evidence for shortening recovery and reducing post-op problems. These are not optional extras — they are the core of modern surgical care. Educational information only; follow your surgeon's specific plan.

Prehabilitation

Stronger before surgery = faster after

A 2024 systematic review found that structured pre-op exercise — targeting the quadriceps, hip abductors, and core — reduces post-operative length of stay and improves early range of motion for knee and hip replacement patients. Even 2–4 weeks of targeted exercises before surgery makes a measurable difference.

Do this Ask your surgeon for a pre-hab exercise list at your pre-op visit, or ask for a PT referral 4–6 weeks before surgery.
Key exercises Straight leg raises, quad sets, mini-squats, ankle pumps — 3 sets of 10–15 reps, twice daily.
ERAS Protocol

What your hospital is (or should be) doing

Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) is a standardized perioperative pathway — multimodal pain management, early mobilization the day of surgery, reduced fasting, and avoiding routine drains and catheters — that has been shown to reduce average hospital stay after joint replacement from 3–5 days to 1–2 days, and to cut major complications.

Ask your team "Does this hospital use an ERAS pathway for joint replacement?" If yes, ask for their patient guide.
Why it matters ERAS reduces narcotic use, nausea, and readmission risk — the three things most patients worry about most.
Exercise Adherence

The most important variable you control

Research consistently shows that home exercise adherence — doing the prescribed PT exercises between clinic visits — is the strongest modifiable predictor of functional outcomes at 3 and 6 months. Studies find that adherence drops to below 50% by week 4 in patients without structured monitoring. The technology that keeps your surgeon informed of your progress is called Remote Therapeutic Monitoring (RTM) — Medicare covers it.

Bottom line Patients who complete ≥80% of prescribed exercises in weeks 1–6 have significantly better ROM and pain outcomes at 3 months.
Track it JointCoach uses your phone camera to document and report your exercises to your care team automatically.
Sources: Kan et al. (2024) Musculoskeletal Care — preoperative lifestyle modifications and structured exercise in TKR; PMC 2023 — ERAS protocols for total joint replacement (PMC10566339); Systematic reviews on exercise adherence and functional outcomes post-arthroplasty. Educational information only — not medical advice.
After your surgery

After your surgery, track your exercises — not just do them.

JointCoach uses your phone camera to measure your range of motion and count reps at home. Your surgeon sees whether you actually did your exercises — not just whether you said you did. Medicare covers the monitoring at no cost to you.

Go to JointCoach
Sage — Ask a question about your surgery